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2018年导游资格考试英语导游词：CitywallofMingDynasty
In ancient times ,it was rather difficult to move these heavy stone animals. The fact is that workers splashed water on the ground in cold winter, and pushed the stone animals to the present locations on the surface of frozen ice.
Two 6.25 meter-high stone pillars serve as alters for the sacrificial offerings. Both the hexagonal pillars are carved with the patterns of clouds and dragons arousing visitors’ reverence and worship to the emperor . The sacred avenue makes a right turn here just because the Plum Blossom Hill stands in the way. The hill is the tomb for Sun Quan , The first emperor of Eastern Wu kingdom. It is said that when the tomb was constructed, some ministers suggested that Sun Quan’s tomb should be moved away. But Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang commented that Sun Quan was a good fellow and should stay there to be the concierge of his tomb. The Plum Blossom hill now is popular excursion site for the local people in spring when the plum trees are in full blossom.
Beyond the memorial pillars there are 4 pairs of stone WenZhongs,2 pairs each of court officials and warriors. Legend has it that there was a giant about 10meters tall of Qin Dynasty. The warriors,3.26meters high, are in armor with weapons in hands while court officials are in court ceremonial robe with writing board in hans to take notes of the emperor’s edict.
Behind the statue, there used to be a gate named Lingxing Gate. About 270 meters away from the gate is the stone bridge spanning over a small stream, yet it is called the Imperial Moat Bridge. The bridge used to have 5 arches , but was renovated into 3 arches later in the Qing Dynasty. The bridge foundation and stone dykes is the original except the rail.
About 200 meters north of the Imperial Moat Bridge is the front gate to the tomb. This area is the rear section of the tomb. The arch gate has 5 doorways, with yellow glazed tiles, red walls and doors . The lintel of the middle gate is engraved with 3 Chinese characters meaning ‘Xiaoling Tomb of Ming Dynasty’. Or “Ming’s Filial Tomb” given by the emperor himself but Ming was added actually later in the Qing times. It reflects the emperor’s idea to administer the country with filial piety which is the very instruction of Confucius, the most influential Chinese philosopher. At the right of the gate, there is a table stone on which is inscribed with ‘The Special Notice’ written in 6 foreign languages of Japanese, German, English, French, Italian and Russian respectively to reaffirm the attention to the protection of the filial tomb in the late Qing years.
Inside the gate is an entrance hall, of which in the middle is ‘the Stele of administering the country well as the Tang and Song dynasties’. The tablet stone is engraved with the handwriting of Emperor Kangxi when he was paying his homage to the entombed emperor during his third inspection tour to the area in 1699.
Standing behind the hall is the Filial Hall or Sacrificial hall ,which is one of the major buildings in the mausoleum employed to enshrine Emperor Zhun Yuanzhang and his empress. But the original was destroyed in the wars, and the present one was rebuilt and twice restored in the Qing Dynasty.
The citadel of Treasures is the last building on the ground, 16.25meters high, 75 meters wide and 31 meters in depth. Ascending a flight of 54 stone stairs from an archway of the citadel is the tomb proper covered by a large earthen mound 400 meters in diameter. Under the mound rest the emperor and his consorts , and as the records testify, 50 or more concubines and maids of honor were buried alive for company. Their families were ensured holy titles, but these young lives became the eternal victims of feudal sacrifice system.
The tomb is at the foot of Purple Mountain. It has not been excavated because of the technical reasons of preservation.
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2018年导游资格考试英语导游词：XiaoLingTombofTheMingDynasty
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